Non-perturbative states in the three-dimensional φ theory
نویسنده
چکیده
We study the spectrum of massive excitations of the three-dimensional φ and Ising models, in the brokensymmetry phase. Using a variational method, we show that the spectrum contains all the 0 states that one expects from duality with the glueball spectrum of the ZZ2 gauge model. From the point of view of continuum φ 4 theory, we show that at least one of the states we find has a non-perturbative origin.
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